612
Laila Nihayati
Edunity
Volume 2 Number 5, May 2023
p- ISSN 2963-3648- e-ISSN 2964-8653
Doi:
https://edunity.publikasikupublisher.com/index.php/Edunity/index
12 BASIC VALUES OF PEACE GENERATION FOR THE YOUNG
GENERATION IN PREVENTING SOCIAL
Laila Nihayati
University of Indonesia, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Social conflict is a problem that often occurs in society. To prevent social conflicts, it is
necessary to adopt the values of peace in everyday life. Peace Generation has identified 12 basic
peace values that can be adopted by the younger generation in preventing social conflicts. This
study aims to identify the values of peace adopted by the younger generation and how these
values can be applied in everyday life to prevent social conflicts. The research method used is
a survey through questionnaires distributed to the younger generation. The results showed
that the younger generation realized the importance of peace values in preventing social
conflicts. All the basic values of peace identified by the Peace Generation are adopted by the
younger generation. However, there were differences in the level of adherence to these values
between respondents. The results of this study show that the younger generation understands
the values of peace that are important in preventing social conflicts. Therefore, policymakers
and educators need to strengthen peace values education in education curricula and activities
outside schools to strengthen young people's adherence to these values. Thus, it is hoped that
social conflicts can be avoided and peace can be achieved in society.
Keywords: Peace; Young Generation; Social Conflict
Introduction
Humans are conflicting creatures (homo conflicts), that is, creatures that are always
involved in differences, conflicts, and competitions both voluntarily and forced. In
simple terms, conflict can be interpreted as a conflict characterized by movements from
several parties so that there is an intersection. Conflict is a social reality that must be
faced by every individual and society. Because there is no human being or society that
has never been involved in conflict. (Abidin, 2019)
Conflict does not exist In a vacuum, it exists against the background of differences, those
differences can be in the form of identity, religion, interests, and others. If there are
differences in society, the potential for conflict will always exist. Reflecting on
Indonesia's history as a nation of various diversity of ethnic, cultural, and religious
groups (Ismail & Abidin, 2019) . After independence, the Indonesian nation experienced
many conflicts based on race, ethnicity, and religion, even during the New Order regime
for the reason of maintaining national stability and reviving nationalism a policy of
assimilation politics was issued, which forced the Chinese ethnic minority to abandon
their cultural identity and integrate with the national culture (Liliweri, 2018)
After the New Order, conflicts containing SARA that could threaten peace and
disintegration of the nation such as disputes (social conflicts) between groups in
Indonesian society still occur a lot. For example, Dayak and Madurese conflicts in
Central Kalimantan in 2001, inter-tribal conflicts between indigenous tribes and
migrants in Central Lampung, Papua Dani, and Moni tribe Inter-tribal conflicts in 2014,
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
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613
between tribes. conflict in South Lampung 2012, between Lampung tribes (indigenous
tribes) and Balinese tribes (Truna et al., 2020)
In addition to conflicts between tribes, there are also often conflicts caused by differences
in religious background. For example, inter-religious conflicts in Tolikara, church
burning cases in Aceh Singkil, SARA-nuanced conflicts in South Lampung, Situbondo,
and religious conflicts in Ambon, which until now still leave trauma and material losses
for all groups involved. The conflicts mentioned above are included as radical actions
and actions by a group of people who want drastic social and political changes or
reforms through violent means and actions, as well as extreme behavior that ignores the
values prevailing in society (Truna et al., 2020)
In relation to the existence of acts of radicalism, based on the results of a survey
conducted by Lazuardi Birru and the Indonesian Survey Institute in 2011, explained, the
radicalism index of 33 provinces in Indonesia. There are 3 regions that are most
vulnerable or prone to acts of radicalism, namely Aceh with a vulnerability index of
56.8%, West Java (46.6%), and Banten (46.6%). Radical attitudes and ideas have several
identifiable characteristics, namely intolerant, bigoted, and exclusive (Mulyono &
Mulyoto, 2017). The elements of society that are potentially vulnerable to radicalization
are young men and women (aged 15-30 years). Of course, this is very concerning, youth
as the successors of the nation who should participate in building Indonesia in a better
direction are trapped in conflicts that tend to lead to violence.
Thus, our efforts to keep conflict away from violence are very important, so that young
people are not trapped in conflicts that lead to violence. Education is the best deterrent
to conflict and violence. It is said that because education is an asset for the development
of human resources, in order to realize a strong civil society. In Indonesia itself, there
have been many non-formal institutions that offer peace education for young people,
one of which is Peace Generation (R. Rosyad & Dian, 2022).
The presence of Peace Generation as a non-formal institution that provides peace
education is a real step due to concern about the impact of vulnerable young people's
thoughts in acts of violence. In implementing peace education among young people.
Peace Generation has twelve basic values as its main foundation. Therefore, in this study,
the author wants to see how peace education that departs from the twelve values of
peace is applied and taught among young people
The formulation of this research problem is how is education for the twelve values of
peace? This study aims to expose education for peace based on twelve peace values.
Research Method
This research is a qualitative research literature study. The author formulates peace
education using peace values developed by Erik Lincoln and Irfan Amalee. In their book,
Erik Lincoln and Irfan Amalee set forth twelve basic values of peace, and is a guidebook
for peace education, as well as teaching material for peace generation. The manual is
supplemented by twelve student books that help students learn the value of peace. In
general, the twelve basic values according to Cawagas and Swee-Hin (1991), some peace
education materials can include six categories: 1). Dismantling the culture of war and
violence. 2). Live with a sense of justice and caring. 3). Promote always Human Rights
and responsibilities. 4). Living in harmony with the natural environment (earth). 5).
Build a culture of respect for reconciliation and solidarity. 6). Continue to develop inner
peace.
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
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614
Result And Discussion
As already discussed, conflict is a phenomenon that can give birth to conflict due to
differences, differences in ideology, race, ethnicity, and religion. Empirical facts show
many cases, as happened in post-independence Indonesia and the New Order. Conflict
is always followed by acts of violence, laying the foundation for the importance of peace
education (Zuhri, 2022).
The definition of peace education is usually associated with efforts to increase
knowledge, improve skills, and strengthen the commitment to resolve conflicts
peacefully without violence. As Schell-Faucon argues, peace education aims to unlock
knowledge, practical expertise, and attitudes that empower young people to practice
critical judgment and participate confidently in society (Rahmat, 2021)
Peace education is a learning process at the proposal and community level in improving
conflict management skills. Schell-Faucon enters several elements in it, namely self-
esteem. Tolerance, awareness of others and empathy, communication and interaction
skills, personal awareness, and cultural attitudes toward conflict behavior in a conflict
situation, ability to analyze and evaluate conflict, and practical skills in managing and
resolving conflict. (Saihu & Aziz, 2020)
Based on the understanding of peace education as a learning process at the community
level in improving conflict management skills. So, Peace Generation implements it with
twelve values of peace. As for the twelve values of peace, the author groups them into
six parts based on six categories.
Dismantling a Culture of Violence
Value 2. Prejudice and Prejudice
According to Erik Lincoln and Irfan Amalee, the existence of prejudice against others
causes the scope of association to be narrow, in various cases that occur, prejudice
becomes a prelude to conflict. Everyone should not be stigmatized as good or bad, smart
or stupid, rich or poor, based solely on their religion, race, ethnicity, and social status.
Stigmatization is a characteristic of the short-sightedness of thinking so that it is trapped
in its own prejudices. In addition, on the peace generous page, it is written that because
violence begins with conditions that do not understand each other, therefore the basic
core of the principle of peace related to prejudice is that everyone needs to learn to see
everyone as an individual.
In Islam the Quran explains:
ﯾ
َ
ﻐ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﺐ
ْ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﺗ
َ
ﺠ
َ
ﺴ
ﱠ
ﺴ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا و
ﱠ
ﻻ
َ
ا
ِ
ﺛ
ْ
ﻢ
ٌ
اﻟﻈ
ﱠ
ﻦ
ّ
ِ
ﻌ
ْ
ﺾ
َ
ﺑ
َ
ا
ِ
ن
ﱠ
اﻟﻈ
ﱠ
ﻦ
ّ
ِ
ۖ
ﻣ
ّ
ِ
ﻦ
َ
ﻛ
َ
ﺜ
ِ
ﯿ
ْ
ﺮ
ً
ا اﺟ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻨ
ِ
ﺒ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا ا
ٰ
ﻣ
َ
ﻨ
ُ
ﻮا اﻟ
ﱠ
ﺬ
ِ
ﯾ
ْ
ﻦ
َ
ﯾ
ٰ
ٓ
ﺎ
َ
ﯾ
ﱡ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ
L
ﱣ
َ
◌
ۗ
ا
ِ
ن
ﱠ
L
ﱣ
َ
و
َ
اﺗ
ﱠ
ﻘ
ُ
ﻮا ﻓ
َ
ﻜ
َ
ﺮ
ِ
ھ
ْ
ﺘ
ُ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ه
ُ
ۗ
ﻣ
َ
ﯿ
ْ
ﺘ
ً
ﺎ ا
َ
ﺧ
ِ
ﯿ
ْ
ﮫ
ِ
ﻟ
َ
ﺤ
ْ
ﻢ
َ
ﯾ
ﱠ
ﺄ
ْ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻞ
َ
ا
َ
ن
ْ
ا
َ
ﺣ
َ
ﺪ
ُ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ا
َ
ﯾ
ُ
ﺤ
ِ
ﺐ
ﱡ
ﺑ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﻀ
ً
ﺎ
ۗ
ﺑ
ﱠ
ﻌ
ْ
ﻀ
ُ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ر
ﱠ
ﺣ
ِ
ﯿ
ْ
ﻢ
ٌ
ﺗ
َ
ﻮ
ﱠ
اب
ٌ
Meaning: O believers, stay away from most prejudices, in fact, some prejudices are sins,
and do not seek the ugliness of people and do not gossip about others. Do any of you
like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Of course, you feel disgusted with him. And be
fearful of Allah, truly Allah is the Recipient of repentance, the Most Merciful. (Q.S Al-
Hujuraat: 12)
Value 10 Violence
The tenth value speaks of rejecting violence. In their book Use the Brain, Don't
Mean Muscle, Lincoln and Amalee suggest that conflict causes worsening health and
education services, destruction of infrastructure, and economic barriers more than ever,
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
Preventing Social]
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
615
conflict leads to decreased trust and increased mutual suspicion. Peace education is a
learning process at the personal and (Amalee, 2017)group levels, Lincoln and Amalee
emphasized the importance of building the value of rejecting violence because there are
3 adverse effects produced, as follows: First, chaos. Violence leads to more violence and
the situation spirals out of control, which in turn causes damage and pain; Second, losing
the opportunity to reconcile causes the problem to get bigger and worse; Third, feelings
of fear, guilt, and resentment. This tenth value keyword according to Lincoln and
Amalee is not to judge someone based on common assumptions about their group.
Judge someone according to who that person is.
The Qur'an explains:
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
%
َ
ﺴ'
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻮ
ِ
ى ا
ﻟ
ْ
ﺤ
َ
ﺴ'
َ
ﻨ
َ
ﺔ
ُ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ا
ﻟ
ﺴ
3
4
ّ
ِ
6
َ
ﺔ
ُ
ۗا
ِ
د
ْ
ﻓ
َ
ﻊ
ْ
;
ِ
ﻟ
3
ﱵ
ِ
ْ
ﱔ
ِ
َ
ا
َ
ﺣ
ْ
ﺴ
َ
ﻦ
ُ
ﻓ
َ
ﺎ
ِ
ذ
َ
ا اB
3
ِ
ي
ْ
ﺑ
َ
4
ْ
E
َ
ﻚ
َ
و
َ
ﺑ
َ
4
ْ
E
َ
ﻪ
ٗ
I
َ
ﺪ
َ
او
َ
ة
ٌ
ﰷ
َ
َ
ﻧ
3
ﻪ
ٗ
و
َ
ﱄ
ِ
P
ﲪ
َ
ِ
ﲓ
ْ
ٌ
Meaning: Good is not the same as evil. Reject (the evil) in a better way, so that the person
with whom you have hostility and will be like a faithful friend.
Sense of Justice and Caring
Value 6 Economic Status Differences
The sixth value discusses economic status. In their book Lincoln and Amalee give the
keyword to this value is wealth or poverty does not determine a person's self-worth. We
must treat everyone with the same respect and be mindful of the temptations we all
(Amalee E. L., 12 Nilai Dasar Perdamaian , 2017) face. In their book Kaya Gak Arrogant,
Miskin Gak Minder, Lincoln, and Amalee assert three important things in this value,
namely: First, do not appreciate or disrespect someone based on what they have, for a
man's life does not depend on his possessions; Second, the rich and the poor alike face
temptations such as pride, oppression, greed, lack of dependence on God, envy, and
criticism; Third, learn to get along with people of all economic levels, so as to learn from
each other.
The Qur'an explains:
إ
ِ
ﻧ
ﱠ
ﻤ
َ
ﺂ أ
َ
ﻣ
ْ
ﻮ
َ
ٰ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
و
َ
أ
َ
و
ْ
ﻟ
َ
ٰ
ﺪ
ُ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﻓ
ِ
ﺘ
ْ
ﻨ
َ
ﺔ
ٌ
◌
ۚ
و
َ
ٱg
ﱠ
ُ
ﻋ
ِ
ﻨﺪ
َ
ه
ُ
ۥ
ٓ
أ
َ
ﺟ
ْ
ﺮ
ٌ
ﻋ
َ
ﻈ
ِ
ﯿﻢ
ٌ
Verily your treasure and your children are but trials (to you), and on God's side is a great
reward. (Q.S At- Taghaabun : 15)
Some sausage scientists place Weber as a microanalysis theorist because he departs from
social action. But, as George Ritzer (2000) argues, Weber did start his sociological
conception of individual action but he himself pioneered an analysis of society. It even
reaches wider than Karl Marx’s definition of class. In contrast to Marx's class is economic
determinism. Weber in The Theory of Social and Economic Organization (1947) gave a
comprehensive sociological concept of class. Stratification is not only determined by
economics alone but also by Prestige (status), and Power (power/politics). (Susan, 2019)
Human Rights and Responsibilities
Value 5 Sex Differences
This fifth value is about sex differences. In his book Men and Women Both Humans,
Lincoln and Amalee provide the keywords respect and respect for people of different
sexes and build healthy friendships and No wonder. This value of peace has two
important principles, namely: First, men and women were created by God equally, so
they must treat each other fairly.; Second, respect and respect the rights of people of the
opposite sex, for men, do not engage in harassment, discrimination, and intimidation
using physical or verbal, While women do not play tricks on men, discriminate against
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
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616
friends both against men women, and hurt with words. (Amalee E. L., Peace Generation:
12 Basic Values of Peace, 2017, 68-70)
The Qur'an explains:
ﯾ
َ
ٰ
ٓ
ﺄ
َ
ﯾ
ﱡ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ ٱ ﻟﻨ
ﱠ
ﺎس
ُ
ٱ ﺗ
ﱠ
ﻘ
ُ
ﻮا
۟
ر
َ
ﺑ
ﱠ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ُ
ٱ ﻟ
ﱠ
ﺬ
ِ
ى ﺧ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻘ
َ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ ﻣ
ِ
ّ
ﻦ ﻧ
ﱠ
ﻔ
ْ
ﺲ
ٍ
و
َ
ٰ
ﺣ
ِ
ﺪ
َ
ة
ٍ
و
َ
ﺧ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻖ
َ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻨ
ْ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ ز
َ
و
ْ
ﺟ
َ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ و
َ
ﺑ
َ
ﺚ
ﱠ
ﻣ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
ھ
ُ
ﻤ
َ
ﺎ ر
ِ
ﺟ
َ
ﺎﻻ
ً
ﻛ
َ
ﺜ
ِ
ﯿﺮ
ً
ا و
َ
ﻧ
ِ
ﺴ
َ
ﺂء
ً
◌
ۚ
و
َ
ٱ ﺗ
ﱠ
ﻘ
ُ
ﻮا
۟
ٱ g
ﱠ
َ
ٱ ﻟ
ﱠ
ﺬ
ِ
ى ﺗ
َ
ﺴ
َ
ﺂء
َ
ﻟ
ُ
ﻮن
َ
ﺑ
ِ
ﮫ
ِ
ۦ و
َ
ٱ ﻷ
ْ
َ
ر
ْ
ﺣ
َ
ﺎم
َ
◌
ۚ
إ
ِ
ن
ﱠ
ٱ g
ﱠ
َ
ﻛ
َ
ﺎن
َ
ﻋ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﯿ
ْ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ر
َ
ﻗ
ِ
ﯿﺒ
ً
ﺎ
Meaning: O man! Be fearful of your Lord who created you from oneself, and from whom
Allah created his mate, and from both God bred many men and women. And be fearful
of Allah by (using) His name, you ask one another and (maintain) a relationship of
friendship. Indeed, God is always watching over you. (Q.S Al- Nisaa: 1)
The verse explains that the principle of the relationship between men and women in the
Islamic view is to complement each other with the advantages and disadvantages of each
person, not to compete Looking for the most superior between the two. These values
complement each other between men and women.
Value 11 Admitting Mistakes
The eleventh grade is about admitting mistakes. Lincoln and Amalee explain that the
conflict will not be resolved if neither side is willing to admit the mistake and apologize
(Amalee E. L., 2017). Conflict is the most important element in human life. Because
conflict has a positive function (F. A. Siregar & Usriyah, 2021), conflict becomes the
dynamic of human history and conflict is part of the process of meeting basic human
needs. Lincoln and Amalee also explain that conflict resolution gives rise to new
conflicts through anger that leads to revenge. So, Lincoln and Amalee insist that the
conflict will not be resolved when all parties wait for the other party to apologize.
Apologizing is not an easy thing to do, but every human being can do it with Almighty
God's help to do it.
The Qur'an explains:
و
َ
اB
3
ِ
S
ْ
ﻦ
َ
ا
ِ
ذ
َ
ا ﻓ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻠ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا ﻓ
َ
ﺎ
ﺣ
ِ
ﺸ
َ
ﺔ
ً
ا
َ
و
ْ
ﻇ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
Z
ا ا
َ
ﻧ
ْ
ﻔ
ُ
ﺴ
َ
ﻬُﻢ
ْ
ذ
َ
ﻛ
َ
ﺮ
ُ
وا ا`
ّ
ٰ
َ
ﻓ
َ
ﺎ
ﺳ'
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻐ
ْ
ﻔ
َ
ﺮ
ُ
و
ْ
ا B
ِ
ُ
ﻧ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ﲠ
ِ
ِ
ﻢ
ْ
ۗ
و
َ
ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
ﯾ
3
ﻐ
ْ
ﻔ
ِ
ﺮ
ُ
اB
g
ﻧ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ب
َ
ا
ِ
ﻻ
3
ا`
ّ
ٰ
ُ
ۗ و
َ
ﻟ
َ
ﻢ
ْ
ﯾ
ُ
ﴫ
ِ
g
و
ْ
ا I
َ
ﲆ
ٰ
ﻣ
َ
ﺎ
ﻓ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻠ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا و
َ
ﱒ
ُ
ْ
ﯾ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﻠ
َ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ن
َ
Meaning: and, those who, when committing heinous or tyrannical deeds, immediately
remember Allah, and ask forgiveness for their sins, and who else can forgive sins but
Allah? And they do not continue the sinful act, while they know. (Q.S Ali-Imran: 135)
Harmonic and Natural Environment
Value 3 Ethnic Differences
This third value explains ethnic differences. The issue of entity ID that occurs in
Indonesia is especially inseparable from history. There is a fact of vulnerable society in
Indonesia. There are three fundamental characteristics of Indonesia’s vulnerable people:
First, the high level of social segregation; Second, there Is skill in democratic political
participation; Third, it is isolated within small islands (A. M. Rosyad, 2019). This social
segregation is shown In the Maluku archipelago, this has a great influence on issues of
poor public services often brought to ethnic-religious issues, such as certain social
groups that do not get good enough service because of their ethnicity and religion
(Parawansa, 2002).
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
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Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
617
The source of cultural violence can depart from ethnicity, agama, and ideology.
Galtung gives a definition to cultural violence: cultural violence is aspect-aspect of
culture, a symbolic space of human society-existence exemplified by religion and
ideology, language, and art, empirical and formal (logical, mathematical) sciences—
which can be used to justify or legitimize the harshness of direct and structural
structures. (Suprapto, 2018). While Lincoln and Amalee in their book put forward an
important principle in peace is to avoid prejudiced tendencies against other tribes and
strive to recognize and enjoy differences (Perdamaian, 2017)
The Qur'an explains:
ﯾ
ٰ
ٓ
ﺎ
َ
ﯾ
ﱡ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ اﻟﻨ
ﱠ
ﺎس
ُ
ا
ِ
ﻧ
ﱠ
ﺎ ﺧ
َ
ﻠ
َ
ﻘ
ْ
ﻨ
ٰ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﻣ
ّ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
ذ
َ
ﻛ
َ
ﺮ
ٍ
و
ﱠ
ا
ُ
ﻧ
ْ
ﺜ
ٰ
ﻰ و
َ
ﺟ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻨ
ٰ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﺷ
ُ
ﻌ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ﺑ
ً
ﺎ و
ﱠ
ﻗ
َ
ﺒ
َ
ﺎ
ۤ
ﯨ
•
ﻞ
َ
ﻟ
ِ
ﺘ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﺎر
َ
ﻓ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا ◌
ۚ
ا
ِ
ن
ﱠ
ا
َ
ﻛ
ْ
ﺮ
َ
ﻣ
َ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
ﻋ
ِ
ﻨ
ْ
ﺪ
َ
L
ﱣ
ِ
ا
َ
ﺗ
ْ
ﻘ
ٰ
ﯨﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
◌
ۗ
ا
ِ
ن
ﱠ
L
ﱣ
َ
ﻋ
َ
ﻠ
ِ
ﯿ
ْ
ﻢ
ٌ
ﺧ
َ
ﺒ
ِ
ﯿ
ْ
ﺮ
ٌ
Meaning: O man! Truly, we created you from a man and a woman, and we made you
into nations and tribes so that you might know one another. Indeed, the noblest among
you in the sight of Allah is the most pious. Truly, Allah knows, all-thorough. (Q.S Al-
Hujuraat: 13)
Value 4 Religious Differences
The fourth value is about religious differences. The practice of peace is a long-term effort
in society with efforts to manage conflicts of identity and interests. The practice of peace
means the perfect condition of a social relationship characterized by the absence of
violent conflict, mutual understanding and respect for differences, and social justice
(Novri Susan M. , 2010, 128-129.) . One of the causes of conflict in Indonesia is that people
have not been able to accept differences, including religious differences (Darmawan,
2019).
Lincoln and Amalee assert that there are five universal principles, namely: First, no
religion teaches its adherents to be evil; Second, there are many similarities in religions;
Third, there are fundamental differences taught by religion, for example about the surge,
scripture, including about prophets; Fourth, proving the truth of religion in daily
practice, speaking beliefs dialogically and respecting each other is better than spending
time vilifying each other, oppress, against each other; Fifth, it is not permissible to use
violence to force someone to hug and fight each other (Amalee E. L., 2017, 54-55.).
In the Qur'an explains:
ﯾ
َ
ٰ
ٓ
ﺄ
َ
ﯾ
ﱡ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ ٱ ﻟ
ﱠ
ﺬ
ِ
ﯾﻦ
َ
ء
َ
اﻣ
َ
ﻨ
ُ
ﻮا
۟
ٱ ﺟ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻨ
ِ
ﺒ
ُ
ﻮا
۟
ﻛ
َ
ﺜ
ِ
ﯿﺮ
ً
ا ﻣ
ِ
ّ
ﻦ
َ
ٱ ﻟﻈ
ﱠ
ﻦ ◌
ِ
◌
ّ
إ
ِ
ن
ﱠ
ﺑ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﺾ
َ
ٱ ﻟﻈ
ﱠ
ﻦ
ِ
ّ
إ
ِ
ﺛ
ْ
ﻢ
ٌ
◌
ۖ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﺗ
َ
ﺠ
َ
ﺴ
ﱠ
ﺴ
ُ
ﻮا
۟
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﯾ
َ
ﻐ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﺐ ب
ﱠ
◌
ٌ
ﻋ
ْ
ﻀ
ُ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ ﺑ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﻀ
ً
ﺎ ◌
ۚ
أ
َ
ﯾ
ُ
ﺤ
ِ
ﺐ
ﱡ
أ
َ
ﺣ
َ
ﺪ
ُ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
أ
َ
ن ﯾ
َ
ﺄ
ْ
ﻛ
ُ
ﻞ
َ
ﻟ
َ
ﺤ
ْ
ﻢ
َ
أ
َ
ﺧ
ِ
ﯿﮫ
ِ
ﻣ
َ
ﯿﻲ ﺗ
ً
ﺎ
ﻓ
َ
ﻜ
َ
ﺮ
ِ
ھ
ْ
ﺘ
ُ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻮه
ُ
◌
ۚ
و
َ
ٱ ﺗ
ﱠ
ﻘ
ُ
ﻮا
۟
ٱ g
ﱠ
َ
◌
ۚ
إ
ِ
ن ◌
َ
◌
ّ
ٱ g
ﱠ
َ
ﺗ
َ
ﻮ
ﱠ
اب
ٌ
ر
ﱠ
ﺣ
ِ
ﯿﻢ
ٌ
Meaning: There is no compulsion to (enter) religion (Islam), in fact, it is clear the right
way rather than the false path. Therefore, whoever disobeys Thought and has faith in
Allah, then verily he has clung to a very strong cord that will not be broken. And Allah
is All-Hearing and All-Knowing. (Q.S Al- Hujuraat : 12)
Value 8 Diversity
The eighth value is about diversity. The Indonesian state does not adhere to a firm
separation between state and culture. Since 2017, the government has strengthened its
commitment to advancing culture with the enactment of the Law on the Promotion of
National Culture Number 5 of 2017. The passing of this law is based on the belief that
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
Preventing Social]
618
Indonesia is a country rich in cultural treasures. This national agenda has placed the
values of tolerance, diversity, and locality as the main foundation for cultural promotion.
Lincoln and Amalee revealed that God created various things to make the world more
beautiful, so differences were made to complement each other. To be united, it is
necessary to be aware of diversity so that there is a commitment to respect others.
Lincoln and Amalee affirmed that God created diversity and difference in order to know
one another (Amalee E. L., Peace Generation: 12 Nilai Dasar Perdamaian , 2017, 116-
117.).
The Qur'an explains:
و
َ
ﻟ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
ﺷ
َ
ﺂء
َ
ر
َ
ﺑ
ﱡ
ﻚ
َ
ﻟ
َ
ﺠ
َ
ﻌ
َ
ﻞ
َ
ٱ ﻟﻨ
ﱠ
ﺎس
َ
أ
ُ
ﻣ
ﱠ
ﺔ
ً
و
َ
ٰ
ﺣ
ِ
ﺪ
َ
ة
ً
◌
ۖ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﯾ
َ
ﺰ
َ
اﻟ
ُ
ﻮن
َ
ﻣ
ُ
ﺨ
ْ
ﺘ
َ
ﻠ
ِ
ﻔ
ِ
ﯿﻦ
َ
Means: and if your God wills, of course, He makes people one people, but they are
always at odds (opinions). (Q.S Hud: 118)
Respect, Reconciliation, and Solidarity
Value 7 Group Differences
The seventh value describes the differences in groups or gangs. Group exclusivity is one
source of conflict. Association in an exclusive group encourages a person to exclude
others who may be of different ethnicities, religions, languages, and races.
The Qur'an explains:
ﯾ
ٰ
ٓ
ﺎ
َ
ﯾ
ﱡ
ﮭ
َ
ﺎ اﻟ
ﱠ
ﺬ
ِ
ﯾ
ْ
ﻦ
َ
ا
ٰ
ﻣ
َ
ﻨ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا ﻻ
َ
ﯾ
َ
ﺴ
ْ
ﺨ
َ
ﺮ
ْ
ﻗ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
م
ٌ
ﻣ
ّ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
ﻗ
َ
ﻮ
ْ
م
ٍ
ﻋ
َ
ﺴ
ٰ
ٓ
ﻰ ا
َ
ن
ْ
ﯾ
ﱠ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ﻧ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ا ﺧ
َ
ﯿ
ْ
ﺮ
ً
ا ﻣ
ّ
ِ
ﻨ
ْ
ﮭ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﻧ
ِ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ۤ
ء
ٌ
ﻣ
ّ
ِ
ﻦ
ْ
ﻧ
ِ
ّ
ﺴ
َ
ﺎ
ۤ
ء
ٍ
ﻋ
َ
ﺴ
ٰ
ٓ
ﻰ ا
َ
ن
ْ
ﯾ
ﱠ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻦ
ﱠ
ﺧ
َ
ﯿ
ْ
ﺮ
ً
ا ﻣ
ّ
ِ
ﻨ
ْ
ﮭ
ُ
ﻦ
ﱠ
ۚ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﺗ
َ
ﻠ
ْ
ﻤ
ِ
ﺰ
ُ
و
ْ
ٓ
ا ا
َ
ﻧ
ْ
ﻔ
ُ
ﺴ
َ
ﻜ
ُ
ﻢ
ْ
و
َ
ﻻ
َ
ﺗ
َ
ﻨ
َ
ﺎﺑ
َ
ﺰ
ُ
و
ْ
ا ﺑ
ِ
ﺎﻻ
ْ
َ
ﻟ
ْ
ﻘ
َ
ﺎب
ِ
ۗ
ﺑ
ِ
ﺌ
ْ
ﺲ
َ
اﻻ
ِ
ﺳ
ْ
ﻢ
ُ
اﻟ
ْ
ﻔ
ُ
ﺴ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ق
ُ
ﺑ
َ
ﻌ
ْ
ﺪ
َ
اﻻ
ْ
ِ
ﯾ
ْ
ﻤ
َ
ﺎن
ِ
ۚ
و
َ
ﻣ
َ
ﻦ
ْ
ﻟ
ﱠ
ﻢ
ْ
ﯾ
َ
ﺘ
ُ
ﺐ
ْ
ﻓ
َ
ﺎ
ُ
وﻟ
ٰ
ۤ
ﯨ
•
ﻚ
َ
ھ
ُ
ﻢ
ُ
اﻟﻈ
ﱣ
ﻠ
ِ
ﻤ
ُ
ﻮ
ْ
ن
َ
Meaning: O believers! Do not make fun of others (because) they may be better than
them (who mock) and neither do women (mock) other women (because) women may be
better than women (who make fun). Do not reproach one another and do not call one
another by bad titles. As bad as a vocation is a bad (wicked) (call) after having faith.
And whoever does not repent is the unjust people. (Q.S Al- Hujurat: 11)
Value 9 Conflict
Develop Inner Peace
Value 1 Accepting Yourself
Every human being in this world remains himself because he has been established at a
certain level of existence. Only man can stop being human. It can rise to the highest level
of earthly existence, or at the same time it falls below the lowest level of being.
The alternative between heaven and hell that God the creator promised to each human
being hints at the uniquely human condition. Being born as a human being, he had
advantages that none of his other creatures had. (M. H. Siregar, 2017)
All the uniqueness that humans have, whatever their physical condition. A man remains
the most perfect being. So, there is no reason to insult each other, hate, let alone commit
acts of violence against fellow humans, just because of ideological, religious, and
physical differences. As Allah Almighty says, "Truly, we have created man in the best
possible form".
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
Preventing Social]
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
619
Through this verse, Allah the Almighty Creator wants to affirm that there are no bad
human beings. All human beings are inherently good, our hatred and prejudice are what
makes them bad. Therefore, Peace Green through the value of self-acceptance wants to
teach to be able to respect oneself, especially to others, even though they are different
racially, ethnically, and religiously. But we remain as perfectly created human beings.
Value 12 Giving Forgiveness
Giving forgiveness will not change the past: it is good for the future, says reflective
Bernand Meltzer (1916-1998), an American writer. Giving forgiveness is hard and not as
easy to say. However, giving forgiveness means so much to ourselves and others.
Because giving forgiveness means letting go of what has happened in the past, building
a new hope for the future, and having determination so that the past does not repeat
itself in the lived or future. Even giving forgiveness as a form of sincerity is the door to
reconciliation and reconciliation.
Giving forgiveness in kindness is also a determination not to bring up the past as a
reminder of recompense or justification for a certain Action when a mistake occurs again.
In Islam, forgiveness is important and highly recommended. As the words of Allah
Subhanahu Wata’ala) say, "Be forgiving and tell people to do what is Maruf and turn
away from those who are foolish" (QS. Al-A'raf: 199). Apart from the fact that Allah
Almighty likes forgiving people, even in everyday life, forgiving people will get good
treatment from others. (Jatmiko, 2016)
Conclusion
Peace education is an ongoing and dynamic process. It is dynamic because peace
education will always be needed during a life that is increasingly full of violence and
conflict. In addition, peace education also contains the aim of promoting knowledge,
skills, and attitudes to bring values, especially the value of peace to the wider
community. Based on the analysis of AmaLee and Lincoln’s work related to the twelve
basic values of peace is the basis of peace education that wants to be promoted to the
general public, especially the younger generation.
In general, these values are divided into six categories, namely: 1). Dismantling the
culture of war and violence. 2). Live with a sense of justice and caring. 3). Promote
always Human Rights and responsibilities. 4). Living in harmony with the natural
environment (earth). 5). Build a culture of respect for reconciliation and solidarity. 6).
Continue to develop inner peace. Each category represents the twelve values of peace
that Peace Green promotes.
In addition, the twelve values promoted by Peace Green align with Islamic principles of
peace and love. In the first value, man is created in his perfect form and has his own
uniqueness. So, there is no room for other human beings to insult and hate just because
of different thoughts, ideologies, races, and religions. Therefore, this is also related to the
next value, namely humans are required not to be prejudiced against fellow humans.
In addition, humans do not live alone in this world, humans live with different diversity.
Therefore, in addition to humans being created perfect and unique, humans are required
to be able to respect each other during religious, racial, and ethnic diversity. It can even
go so far as to value people regardless of social status, whether rich or poor. What
distinguishes people from one another is only piety. These twelve values of peace are
values that are interconnected with each other. So, its application must be related,
starting from oneself to his relationship with others. This education later became the
basis for Peace Green in developing peace.
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023
[12 Basic Values of Peace Generation for the Young Generation in
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620
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